Introduction:

Melanonichia (or melanochia) is a condition affecting the nails, causing the appearance of dark streaks, typically black or brown, on the nail surface. While melanonichia can be benign, in some cases it may indicate more serious issues, such as subungual melanoma. If you notice changes in your nails, it is important to consult a podiatrist in Bologna for a professional assessment.

This article explores the causes of melanonichia, how to recognize it, and why seeking expert care is crucial for nail health.

What is Melanonichia?

Melanonichia is an abnormal pigmentation that appears as a dark streak running from the base to the tip of the nail. It can affect a single nail or multiple nails and may occur without pain or with slight discomfort.

The main cause is excessive melanin production in the cells of the nail matrix, but other factors may contribute. Sometimes it results from nail trauma, while in other cases it could signal serious medical conditions such as subungual melanoma.

Causes of Melanonichia

The causes of melanonichia include:

• Trauma or injury: A blow or pressure on the nail can trigger inflammation and pigment production.
• Fungal infections: These may appear as brown or black spots, especially in individuals with weakened immune systems.
• Medications: Certain drugs, including chemotherapy, can alter nail pigmentation.
• Congenital malformations: Genetic predisposition may increase susceptibility to melanonichia.
• Subungual melanoma: The most serious cause, a form of skin cancer under the nail, requires prompt diagnosis and specialized treatment.

How to Recognize Melanonichia

Melanonichia appears as a dark streak extending from the nail base to the tip. Key signs to watch for include:

• Color and shape of the streak: Uniform streaks along the nail length that remain stable may be less concerning. Changes in width, irregular edges, or evolving streaks warrant medical attention.
• Multiple nails affected: Streaks on more than one nail may indicate systemic conditions or broader health issues.
• Pain or nail deformity: Discomfort or changes in nail shape require evaluation by a podiatrist in Bologna.

When to Consult a Podiatrist in Bologna

If you notice a dark streak on your nails, consulting a podiatrist in Bologna is essential for accurate diagnosis. While melanonichia is not always linked to serious conditions, evaluation is crucial to rule out issues such as subungual melanoma.

A specialist podiatrist can:

• Assess the nail’s condition through visual and instrumental examination.
• Perform dermoscopy to closely inspect pigmentation and determine if further tests are needed.
• Advise on specific treatments if melanonichia is caused by infection or trauma.
• Refer to a dermatologist if a melanoma or other serious condition is suspected.

How to Treat Melanonichia

Treatment depends on the underlying cause. For trauma or fungal infection, options may include:

• Antifungal medications if infection is present.
• Anti-inflammatory drugs or antibiotics as needed.
• Removal of trauma or correction of nail positioning.

If the cause is subungual melanoma, urgent and targeted medical intervention is required. Early diagnosis is critical for effective treatment.

Prevention of Melanonichia

Although not all causes are preventable, these practices can reduce the risk:

• Proper nail care: Keep nails clean and trimmed, avoiding trauma.
• Protect nails from injury: Wear comfortable shoes and protect hands and feet during risky activities.
• Promptly treat infections: Seek podiatric care for signs of nail infection, such as redness or pain.

Conclusion: See Your Trusted Podiatrist in Bologna

If you notice dark streaks on your nails, do not ignore them. Consult your podiatrist in Bologna for timely diagnosis and to prevent complications. Early treatment is essential for maintaining nail health and overall well-being.

Contact us today to schedule a consultation and learn how we can help you keep your nails healthy and strong.